Background:  Professor Farouk El-Sabban is a faculty member in the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya.  He joined the University of Malaya 3 years ago, before which his work experience was in the United Arab Emirates, United States, Saudi Arabia and in his original home country of Egypt.  He is a graduate of Cairo University, Egypt, and earned his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees at the Pennsylvania State University, U.S.A.  Professor El-Sabbans areas of research interests in pathophysiology, nutritional and environmental influences on the cardiovascular system particularly on thrombosis in the cerebral microcirculation.  He has published numerous papers in international peer-reviewed journals which have won him a world-wide recognition and membership in many prestigious international professional and scientific bodies including the Malaysian Society for Physiology and Pharmacology (MSPP).

The Khwarizmi International Awards:  Were created in the memory of the 9^th Century A.D. mathematician and astronomer Abu Jafar Mohammad Ibn Mousa Khwarizmi.  Such Awards were administered this year by the Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), of the Ministry of Culture and Higher Education, Tehran, Iran.  Nine international organizations (3 of which were of the United Nations) and many Iranian organizations and agencies supported this prestigious scientific event.  The Awards are given to those research projects which were judged by international referees to have contributed significantly to knowledge.  The areas of research to be judged are open and there is an Award for each major area of science.  The winners of Awards can be from any country in the world and those winners are “fully-hosted” by the organizing country.  A Certificate of Excellence in Research and a Plaque are given to each winner, during a very well-publicized Awards Ceremony.

Professor El-Sabbans winning project:

Title: Effect of high temperature and nutritional factors on thrombosis in brain microvessels.

Category of Research: Basic Sciences/Medical Sciences.

Subject: Thrombosis.

Field: Circulation.

Discipline: Physiology / pathophysiology.

Abstract of the Project:

Objectives of this project are 3-fold: 1)- to develop a reliable method for induction of platelet aggregation (thrombosis) in an animal model, 2)- study the effect of nutritional and environmental factors on thrombosis (in vivo) and 3)- assess drugs and natural substances for their anti-thrombotic activity.  Such a methodology was devised and was employed in further studies.  Heat threshold for thrombosis in brain microvessels was 43+1^oC and arteriolar diameter narrowed considerably under hyperthermic conditions.  Water deprivation and exposure to the metal lead (Pb⁺⁺) aggravated thrombosis (i.e., made clots form easily) while aspirin and garlic delayed thrombosis and helped keep microvessels open for blood flow to the brain of mice.  Further studies are underway to determine the effect of diabetes mellitus on thrombosis under high temperature conditions.   

From UM

Comings and goings

Mohd. Rais Mustafa has now taken over the helm of the Department of Pharmacology at UM.  Zahurin Mohamed is now on sabbatical leave, taking a well deserved break from all those administrative and teaching duties.  Rais has just returned from sabbatical in the UK, spending that time on a Royal Society Malaysian Fellowship at the University of Birmingham.   There he worked in the laboratory of Prof. F.J. Johns in the Department of Physiology.  So his batteries should be well charged to push full steam ahead.

Appointments and promotions

Lang Chim Choy is now the Deputy Dean for Research after a reshuffle of the management here at Faculty of Medicine, UM (appointment / the elevation of the former Dean to Vice-Chancellor of UM and the appointment of a new Dean.)  He is the man with all the research money and is a good person to make friends with.

From USM, Penang

 Dr Abas Hj Hussin has just been promoted to Associate Professor with effect from 1 March 2000. Congratulations!!

From USM, Kubang Kerian

(1)Assoc. Prof. Zalina Ismail has been promoted to Deputy Dean (Academic Affairs). Congrats! Attagirl!

(2) Harbindar Jeet Singh is the new Head of Physiology. Congratulations!

(2) Assoc. Prof. RG Sirisinghe is the new Phase Two Co-ordinator. Good luck!!

(3) Dr. Rahimah and Dr .Badariah are now confirmed as Lecturers in the Department of Physiology. Welcome on board!

(4) Dr. Rabindarjeet Singh is the Organising Chairman for the International Intensive Sports Science Course which will be held from 5-7th May 2000.  Please visit our web site

http://www.ppsp.usm.my/iicss/

General News

Visit to Songkhla

The society has contacted Dr. Suvina Ratanachaiyavong, Head of Biomedical Sciences of Prince of Songkhla University Medical School, and they are quite amenable to a visit by members of MSPP.  We are at present trying to determine an appropriate date for the visit.  If you are interested please indicate so by sending your dates when you can travel to Rosnah (e-mail: rosnah@medicine.med.um.edu.my).  The party could travel by coach or train, and spend 2 days in Hatyai, one for visiting the University and one for own shopping and sightseeing activities, making it a 4 day trip in all. The final date and times will of course have to be agreed to by the Prince of Songkhla University also.  

Visit to TUDM

Aminuddin (UKM) has been making arrangements for members of MSPP to visit TUDM’s Institute of Aviation Medicine at Sungei Besi in Kuala Lumpur.  The tentative scheduled date is Saturday, 10 June, 2000.  Details on how to get there will be announced later.  Members can personally experience the feeling of being in the hypobaric chamber if they are brave enough. If you are interested please e-mail Rosnah (rosnah@medicine.med.um.edu.my) to register your name.

The following have joined as members of MSPP:

Ruslina Basir, Pharmacology Department, USM, Penang

Mohamad Aris Mohd Moklas, Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, UKM

Zulkhari Amon, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, UKM

We bid them a very hearty and heartfelt welcome.

26 th AGM of MSPP

The 25^th AGM of MSPP will be held at 4.45 pm on the 8^th of May at USM, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan.  The 15^th Annual General meeting will held on the 8^th and 9^th of May.  Hope as many members as possible will be able to attend.

XXXIV IUPS International Congress

The XXXIV IUPS International Congress will be held from 26^th August to 1^st September, 2001 at Christchurch, New Zealand.  Further information can be obtained by writing to The Conference Company, PO Box 90-040, Auckland, New Zealand.  Fax: +64 9 360 1242.  E-mail: info@tcc.co.nz.  The website is: http://www.iups2001.org.nz.

Correction

We would like to make a correction concerning the names of those people who helped to translate the article on drug development which appeared in Berita Harian.  Those who helped to translate were Alini Mazurki (UKM), Aminuddin Abdul Hamid Karim (UKM) and Rosnah Ismail (UM).  We apologise for the error.

The 13^th and 14^th MSPP Scientific Meeting

Abstracts of the 13 and 14th MSPP Scientific Meeting  has been sent to the publisher of the Asia Pacific Journal of Pharmacology - to be released as supplementary copy of the Journal. - should be out soon.

FAOPS Congress

The 5^th FAOPS which is being organised by MSPP will most likely be held in late summer or autumn (Northern Hemisphere) of 2002, which will be about a year after IUPS congress.  A committee headed by Harbindar Singh has been working on the scientific programme (for purposes of convenience, the whole EXCO for this year had been drafted into the programme committee).  A proposed programme has been prepared and is reproduced below for your comments and suggestions.  We would like to firm it up soon after the AGM. 

An International Programme Committee comprising the members of the FAOPS Council is being set up and they will meet in Kuala Lumpur at the end of this year.  It is important that all members should support this endeavour by contributing their time and energy, and will volunteer when to serve on the various committees that will be needed to run the congress. There will be more news on this matter soon.

We will also need to produce a lot of local quality papers for the congress.  Although it is labeled a “Physiology” congress don’t let it deter the pharmacologists from presenting their work.  There is a lot of connection between the two branches of sciences.  So it is hoped that all will sharpen their scalpels, get those infusions pumps and physiological baths moving, whip out all those test-tubes and cell culture flasks and start pulling all those all those microelectrodes.  Get all those RAs and students moving.  It is not often that we have a meeting of international status in our own backyard.

[The Scientific Committee finalized the programme at  the EXCO meeting held on the 22^nd of April at UM, allocating the tasks of organizing designated sessions to appropriate people. Each symposium organised by teams of two, comprising of one local and one foreign member. Some local members have already volunteered.  Anybody interested is most welcome to join any group- Ed]

SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME FOR FAOPS 2002 (likely to be between August and October 2002)

DAY 1

PLENARY LECTURE: Fetal orgins of adult disease - J.Robinson (Australia)

SYMPOSIA:

(1) SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME FOR FAOPS 2002 (November 2002)

Cell Signalling Proceses at the Blood- Brain Barrier (Organiser: J.Greenwood)

(2) Advances in Retinal Research

      (Organiser: Akimichi Kaneko)

(3) Reproductive Endocrinology

     (Organiser: Cheah Swee Hung and Ishwar Parhar)

DAY 2

PLENARY LECTURE: Oxygen- sensing Mechanisms in Excitable Cells: Role of Plasma Membrane Potassium Channels

SYMPOSIA:

(1) Neuroendocrine Mechanisms in Stress

    (Organiser: E.Senba)

(2) Ishaemia and Reperfusion (Organiser:

      Julian Paton)

(3) Anti-oxidant Gene Expression in

      Vascular, Endothelial and Smooth Muscle

      Cells

DAY 3

PLENARY LECTURE: GnRH Neurones:Genes to Behaviour- Ishwar S Parhar (Japan)

SYMPOSIA

(1) Molecular Mechanisms of Sodium Chloride Transport (Organiser: J.Young)

(2) Molecular and Cellular Physiology of Mechano- sensitive Ion Channels (Organiser: Sokabe)

(3) Exercise and Heat (Organiser: R.Singh)

DAY 4

PLENARY LECTURE

SYMPOSIA

(1)   Growth and Development of the Kidney: Effect of Nutrition (Organisers: Eugenie Lumbers, H.Singh, Munavvar)

(2) Materno-fetal Exchange Across the

      Placenta (Organiser: Colin Sibley)

(3) Neuropeptide Update ( Organiser:

     Kangawa)

WORKSHOPS

There will be two Pre-Congress Workshops and one Post-Congress Workshop.These will be on :

(1) PBL: Prof.C.Y. Kwan (Canada)

(2) Computer-assisted Learning: Dr. Kemm   (Australia)

(3) Exercise Physiology (Rabindar Songh)

OFFICIAL STATEMENT OF THE MSPP REGARDING DRUG TRIALS

The following article appeared in the center pages of the 19 May, 1999 issue of Berita Harian.  It was written by Cheah Swee Hung and translation into Malay was done by Alini Mazurki, Aminuddin Abdul Hamid Karim and Rosnah Ismail.  It is reproduced in full below for the benefit of members who do not buy Berita Harian, or read only the gossip and entertainment passages.

The editors of Berita Harian has also taken the liberty of editing parts of the article and the meaning of certain passages has been somewhat altered.  The editor did not consult the author before the article was printed, nor was it sent to be proof-read.  Please do not blame the authors or translators if you find certain passages a bit inaccurate.

There was an author’s fee of RM 150, and it has been credited to the MSPP account (minus RM 29 for the extraction from the New Straits Times archives and photocopy of the article).

Memastikan Ubat-Ubatan Selamat Kepada Pengguna

Beberapa soalan seharusnya bermain dalam minda pengguna mengenaisesuatu ubat atau makanan tambahan yang hendak mereka gunakan.  Adakah ia berkesan dan selamat dimakan?  Badan atau organisasi kesihatan manakah yang mengeluarkan pengiktirafan ke atas ubat berkenaan sehingga ia dapat dijual di pasaran?

Soalan ini bukan saja boleh menyelamatkan wang tetapi juga keselamatan diri.  Adalah suatu keperluan bagi seorang pengguna untuk mengetahui bagaimana doktor atau saintis bekerja dan menganalisis sesuatu jenis ubat serta memberi pengiktirafan yang dikeluarkan oleh badan kesihatan bertauliah sehingga ubat itu berada di pasaran.

Dalam konteks Malaysia, kini belum ada industri farmaseutikal yang terbabit di dalam kegiatan penyelidikan dan pembangunan (R & D) ubat-ubatan baru. Bagaimanpun, penyelidikan asas mengenainya termasuk daripada sumber semula jadi seperti herba, tumbuh-tumbahan dan haiwan dijalankan secara “kecil-kecilan” oleh penyelidik yang rata-ratanya berada di pusat pengajian tinggi tempatan.  Jadi, bermula daripada penemuan ini, tidak mustahil bahan dijumpai ini berguna bagi penyembuhan penyakit.

Pengguna perlu mengetahui perbezaan antara ubat dengan makanan tambahan.  Sesuatu bahan kimia diiktiraf sebagai ubat sekiranya ia mempunyai nilai atau kesan penyembuhan penyakit manakala makanan tambahan pula berfungsi mengekalkan tahap kesihatan yang baik.  Dari segi kawalan dan pengiktirafan pula, status pengiktirafan makanan tambahan tidak seketat kawalan dan pengiktirafan status ubat.

Berikutan itu, makanan tambahan menjadi lebih popular di kalangan pengeluar kerana ia lebih mudah dipasarkan.  Pengeluar mekanan tambahan seharusnya bersifat jujur dan memastikan bahan keluaran mereka benar-benar selamat digunakan, mengikut amalan pengilangan yang baik dan teratur serta melabel produk sebelum dibawa ke pasaran.  Bahan  yang didapati memudaratkan kesihatan manusia seharusnya ditarik balik daripada  pasaran.

Sebelum sesuatu ubat disahkan selamat digunakan dan boleh dijual di pasaran, ia mesti melalui satu siri ujian penyaringan makmal yang ketat dan menyeluruh oleh mereka yang mahir dalam soal perubatan  dan penyelidikan.  Kementerian Kesihatan bersama badan kesihatan menynaraikan garis panduan tertentu yang boleh diguna pakai oleh doktor dan  penyelidik dalam menentukan sesuatu penemuan ubat baru, agar ia diperakui dan diiktiraf seluruh dunia.

Di dalam persoalan ini, saintis yang jujur dan bertanggungjawab bukan saja berhati-hati mengeluarkan perakuan, malah  tidak terburu-buru memberi publisiti kalau hanya mempunyai data penyelidikan yang terhad.  Mereka sedar dakwaan mereka dipertaruhkan dengan nyawa manusia, justeru itu ujian demi ujian dilakukan demi memastikan hasil produk benar-benar selamat diguakan oleh manusia.

Bagaimanakah ubat dicipta?  Penghasilannya mungkin hasil penemuan dalam makmal membabitkan camppuran bahan kimia tertentu dan memberi kesan penyembuhan terhadap sesuatu penyakit atau ubat itu mungkin diperolehi daripada ekstrak sumber tumbuh-tumbuhan,herba atau haiwan. Selain itu, ada ubat yang digunakan oleh datuk nenek pada zaman lampau dan diwarisi turun-temurun.

Dalam dunia perubatan moden, sesuatu ubat diiktiraf hanya apabila keberkesanannya dapat dibuktikan secara saintifik melalui beberapa siri penyaringan makmal yang meyeluruh dan konsisten. Langkah pertama yang dilakukan dalam siri penyaringan makmal ialah ujian praklinikal yang mana umumnya membabitkan ujian peringkat sel dan haiwan makmal.  Hanya tatkala keputusan yang diperolehi memberangsangkan barulah ujian ke atas  masnusia dijalankan.

Ujian praklinikal adalah ujian yang pertama dilakukan dalam siri penilaian sesuatu ubat.  Ia membabitkan analisis asas seperti bagaimana cara pemberian ubat, aktiviti metabolisme ubat itu di dalam tubuh dan bagaimana ia dikumuhkan, kesan sampingan dan kesan toksisiti.  Sekiranya ubat itu memberi kesan sampingan, penyelidik terbabit mengenal pasti aras dos yang boleh menyebabkan kesan berkenaan.  Di dalam fasa ini, haiwan makmal dijadikan subjek.

Ubat yang mempamerkan kesan yang tidak dikehendaki ke atas haiwan makmal dianggap gagal dalam siri analisis ini dan ujian seterusnya tidak diperlukan.  Begitu juga bagi ubat yang tidak memberi kesan sampingan tetapi mempunyai kadar penyerpan yang terlalu cepat tidak dipilih untuk ujian yang seterusnya.  Keputusan yang diperolehi hasil ujian makmal ini diterbitkan dalam jurnal berkaitan untuk tatapan ahli yang lain.

Sekiranya ujian ke atas haiwan makmal tidak memberikan kesan sampingan, atau dalam erti kata lain keputusan ujian praklinikal dinilai sebagai baik, maka ubat berkenaan diuji dalam fasa berikutnya iaitu ujian klinikal dan membabitkan ujian ke atas manusia  pula.  Keputusan yang baik ke atas haiwan makmal tidak semestinya menggambarkan kesan yang sama diperolehi apabila diuji ke atas manusia.  Ujian ke atas manusia sangat penting untuk memastikan ubat bekenaan benar-benar selamat digunakan.  Dalam fasa ini, doktor bertauliah dilantik untuk mengawasi kegiatan ujian terutama membabitkan pesakit dan sumber ujian manusia.

Peraturan pengendalian ubat yang diuji juga dikawal mengikut satu protokol yang ketat dan diawasi oleh badan kesihatan yang dilantik,  manakala keputusan ujian sekecil mana sekalipun direkod dan difailkan secara sistematik.  Pada bila-bila masa yang dikehendaki, data itu seharusnya dapat diserahkan kepada badan kesihatan berkenaan untuk diperiksa.  Semua ini dilakukan demi memastikan keselamatan manusia yang diuji itu benar-benar terjaga dan dilindungi.

Wujud beberapa fasa dalam ujian klinikal.  Fasa pertama umumnya membabitkan perkara asas termasuk mengenal pasti dos yang selamat untuk diberikan kepada sukarelawan, kaedah terbaik pemberian ubat dan membabitkan hanya sebilangan kecil sukarelawan (antara 20 hingga 100 sukarelawan).  Fasa kedua pula membabitkan jumlah sukarelawan yang lebih besar iaitu 100-300  orang.  Kesan sampingan ubat yang diuji diteruskan dan sekiranya kesan yang berkesan diperolehi, ujian berikutnya dijalankan.  Fasa ketiga siri ujian klinikal  kebiasaannya membabitkan pusat kesihatan di peringkaat daerah.  Bilangan sukarelawan dipertingkatkan, mungkin memecah hingga ribuan individu yang dipilih secara rawak.

Apabila ubat yang diuji itu ‘lulus’ semua fasa berkenaan, barulah ia disahkan sebagai selamat dan diberi lesen untuk dipasarkan.  Bagaimanpu, ubat-ubatan ini tetap terus diawasi dari semasa ke semasa, terutama dari sudut kesannya ke atas pengguna.  Fasa ini disebut sebagai fasa keempat.

Sekiranya ubat ini dilaporkan memberi kesan sampingan, lesenya ditarik balik dan amaran menggunakannya  diwartakan kepada orang ramai.  Fenomena  ini pernah berlaku.  Sebagai contoh, fenfluramine dan dexfenfluramine diluluskan bertahun-tahun lalu  dan amat berkesan dalam membantu pesakit diabetes.  Bagaimanapun, apabila didapaati pengambilannya secara kombinasi memberikan kesan ke atas jantung, kedua-dua ubatan ini ditarik balik dari pasaran.

Tidak semua ubat yang diuji dalam fasa ujina praklinikal berjaya ke peringkat fasa ujian klinikal.  Dianggarkan daripada kira-kira 5,000 ubatan yang diuji, hanya lima saja yang layak dibawa ke fasa ujian klinikal.  Daripadanya, hanya beberapa yang berjaya dilesenkan untuk kegunaan  manusia.  Yang lain ditolak atas alasan yang perbagai sama ada terlalu toksik untuk digunakan atau pun memberi kesan sampingan yang tidak diingini.  Adalah penting bagi seseorang penyelidik menggunakan bilangan subjek yang besar supaya keputusan yang diperolehi itu bererti dari sudut statistik.

Sebenarnya, ahli farmakologi  dan fisiologi memainkan peranan yang penting dalam pembangunan ubat-ubatan baru.  Untuk menjadi seorang ahli dalam bidang ini, mereka seharusnya mempunyai kelulusan asas dalam bidang sains gunaan termasuk perubatan, pergigian, farmasi atau perubatan veterinar atau setidak-tidaknya mempuyai ijazah dalam bidang sains umum sebelum memohon ke peringkat ijazah yang lebih tinggi.

Di peringkat ijazah lanjutan  pula, mereka seharusnya melengkapkan diri dengan pelbagai kemahiran makmal terutama dalam aspek penyelidikan dan pembangunan, kemudian barulah mereka dapat menyumbang dalam proses peningkatan taraf kesihatan manusia sejagat melalui penyelidikan yang bertaraf dunia.

Pada suatu ketika dulu, secara konvensional, ahli fisiologi dikatakan mengkaji fungsi tubuh manusia secatra normal manakala ahli farmakologi pula mengkaji kesan ubat ke atas tubuh manusia.  Malah tidak keterlaluan dikatakan ahli sains ini hanya berperanan sebagai pengajar ilmu sains kesihatan di pusat pengajian tinggi.

Apabila sesuatu ubatan itu diluluskan untuk dipasarkan, ia dimasukkan dalam senarai ubat yang berdaftar dengan Badan Kawalan Dadah, satu badan yang diiktiraf mengendalikan perlesenan ubat-ubatan baru.  Badan ini juga kebelakangan ini mendaftarkan ubat-ubatan tradisional yang diguna pakai pengamal ubat tradisional.

Langkah ini sebagai pengiktirafan ubat-ubatan tradisional yang diwarisi sejak turun-temurun, ditambah lagi Malaysia kaya dengan pelbagai warisan dalam aspek penyembuhan penyakit.

Cuma apa yang diharapkan, pengamal perubatan tradisional seperti penjual akar kayu dapat tampil ke depan memberi maklumat penting mengenai ubat-ubatan tradisional supaya ia dapat diuji secara saintifik dan dapat diiktiraf.  Melalui cara ini, mereka mendapat lebih kepercayaan dan diterima oleh masyarakat antarabangsa.

Know your Herbs

Echinacea: Stimulates the immune system and helps fight against colds and flu. People with autoimmune diseases, such as lupus or multiple sclerosis, should avoid it.

Ginseng: Increases energy and the body's resistance to stress. People with cardiovascular disease, as well as those who use stimulants, should not take ginseng.

Ginkgo biloba: An antioxidant that increases blood circulation and oxygenation and improves memory. A review of 50 ginkgo

biloba studies on Alzheimer's patients published last year in the Archives of Neurology found only four reliable studies. These four found a small but significant effect on the memory functions of patients who took ginkgo biloba for three to six months.

Garlic: Supposedly lowers cholesterol, blood pressure and triglyceride levels, but studies continue to debate its effectiveness.

St. John's Wort: Alleviates mild to moderate depression. Most common side effects: gastrointestinal symptoms, allergy and fatigue.

Reprinted from: Medicare Edition Fall 1999, Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Florida

FOOD FOR THOUGHT

I ran into a stranger as he passed by.

"Oh, excuse me please" was my reply.

He said, "Please excuse me too;

wasn't even watching for you."

We were very polite, this stranger and I.

We went on our way and we said good-bye.

But at home a different story is told,

How we treat our loved ones, young and old.

Later that day, cooking the evening meal,

My daughter stood beside me very still.

When I turned, I nearly knocked her down.

"Move out of the way," I said with a frown.

She walked away, her little heart broken.

I didn't realize how harshly I'd spoken.

While I lay awake in bed,

God's still small voice came to me and said,

"While dealing with a stranger, common courtesy you use,

But the children you love, you seem to abuse.

Look on the kitchen floor,

You'll find some flowers there by the door.

Those are the flowers she brought for you.

She picked them herself, pink, yellow and blue.

She stood quietly not to spoil the surprise,

And you never saw the tears in her eyes."

By this time, I felt very small

And now my tears began to fall.

I quietly went and knelt by her bed;

"Wake up, little girl, wake up," I said.

"Are these the flowers you picked for me?"

She smiled, "I found 'em, out by the tree.

I picked 'em because they're pretty like you.

I knew you'd like 'em, especially the blue."

I said, "Daughter, I'm sorry for the way I acted today;

I shouldn't have yelled at you that way."

She said, "Oh, Mom, that's okay. I love you anyway."

I said, "Daughter, I love you too, and I do like the flowers, especially the blue."

Are you aware that:

If we die tomorrow, the company that we are working for could easily replace us in a matter of days.

But the family we left behind will feel the lost for the rest of their lives.

And come to think of it, we pour ourselves more into work than to our family - an unwise investment indeed.

So what is behind the story?

You know what is the full word of family?

FAMILY = (F)ATHER (A)ND (M)OTHER, (I) (L)OVE (Y)OU ?

It is worthwhile to share more time with them as they are getting older. Make balance among all things.

Hence, if those people up there ask you, place your priorities right.. Ask them if family is not the right one??

( Anonymous)