Working Bibliography

This history has only scratched the surface of a vast, varied, and interesting history concerning chemical engineering, applied chemistry, and chemical technology. Below is a sampling of some works on this subject. If you are interested in reading more I recommend:

1) Isaic Asimov who discusses the future of chemical engineering (and why not, he wrote about everything else!)

2) John Servos who does an excellent job examining the beginnings at MIT (all programs should have such a detailed and well written exploration of their past!)

3) William Walker who discusses the "modern" (1911) alchemists in industry who keep their discoveries to themselves (some things never change!)

4) Terry Reynolds who describes the scene in the American industry, at the turn of the century, that helped chemical engineers gain prominence and prestige (hopefully to never be lost).

"Enough already...go to the end."

(A1) Aris, Rutherford. Academic Chemical Engineering in an Historical Perspective. Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamentals. 16, Feb 1977 (p.1-5).

(A2) Aris, Rutherford. Ends and Beginnings in the Mathematical Modelling of Chemical Engineering Systems. Chemical Engineering Science. 48 (14), 1993 (p. 2507-2517).

(A3) Aris, Rutherford. How to Get the Most Out of an Equation Without Really Trying. Chemical Engineering Education. Summer, 1976 (p.114-123).

(A4) Aris, Rutherford. University of Minnesota, Chemical Engineering Education. Spring 1982 (p 50-54).

(A5) Asimov, Isaac. The Future of Chemical Engineering, Chemical Engineering Progress. January 1988 (p 43-49).

(A6) The Atomic Age Matures and the Space Age Begins, Chemical & Engineering News. January 15, 1973 (p 74-82).

(A8) Ayerst, R. P. & Liddell, D., & McLaren, M.. The Role of Chemical Engineering in Providing Propellants and Explosives for the U.K. Armed Forces, History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D.C.: ACS, 1980 (p 337-392).

(B1) Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Program. University of Minnesota: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, 1994.

(B2) Bernheim, Robert A. Chemistry in 1876: The Way it Was, Chemical & Engineering News. April 6, 1976 (p 28-51).

(B3) Bird, R. Byron, Wtewart, Watten E., & Lightfoot, Edwin N. The Role of Transport Phenomena in Chemical Engineering Teaching and Research: Past, Present, and Future, History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D.C.: ACS, 1980 (p 153-166).

(B4) Bridgwater, J. History of a Research Journal, Chemical Engineering Science, One Hundred Years of Chemical Engineering; From Lewis M. Norton (M.I.T. 1888) to Present. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989 (p 39-46).

(B5) Broderick, Richard. The Art & Science of Rutherford Aris. Update. March (21 2), 1994 (p. 6-7).

(B6) Browne, Charles Albert, & Weeks, Mary Elvira. A History of the American Chemical Society; Seventy-Five Eventful Years. Washington, D.C: American Chemical Society, 1952.

(B7) Bunch, Bryan & Hellemans, Alexander. The Timetables of Technology: A Chronology of the Most Important People and Events in the History of Technology. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1993.

(C1) Campbell, William Alec. The Chemical Industry. London: Longman Group Limited, 1971.

(C2) Chelemer, Marc J. Chemical Engineering at MIT, Chemical Engineering Progress. January 1988 (p 27-31).

(C3) Chemistry Meets Depression and Survives in Style, Chemical & Engineering News. January 15, 1973 (p 50-82).

(C4) Clafin, A. A. The General Education Value of the Study of Applied Science, Technology and Industrial Efficiency: Proceedings of the Congress of Technology 1911. New York: McGraw Hill, 1911 (p 129-133).

(D1) Davies, John T. Chemical Engineering: How Did It Begin and Develop?, History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D.C.: ACS, 1980 (p 15-44).

(D2) Dodd, Donald B. Historical Statistics of the States of the United States: Two Centures of the Census, 1790-1990. London: Greenwood Press, 1993.

(D3) Du Pont: The Autobiography of an American Enterprise. Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1952.z

(E1) Ewing, Galen W. Analytical Chemistry: The Past 100 Years, Chemical & Engineering News. April 6, 1976 (p 128-142).

(E2) Eyring, Henry. Physical Chemistry: The Past 100 Years, Chemical & Engineering News. April 6, 1976 (p 88-104).

(F1) Facts & Figures for the Chemical Industry, Chemical & Engineering News. July 4, 1994 (p 28-74).

(F2) Faculty Interests. University of Minnesota: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, 1994.

(F3) Freshwater, D. C. The Development of Chemical Engineering as Shown by its Texts, One Hundred Years of Chemical Engineering; From Lewis M. Norton (M.I.T. 1888) to Present. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989 (p 15-26).

(F4) Freshwater, D.C. George E. Davis, Norman Swindin, and the Empirical Tradition in Chemical Engineering, History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D.C.: ACS, 1980 (p 97-112).

(F5) Furter, William F. Chemical Engineering and the Public Image, History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D.C.: ACS, 1980 (p 393-400).

(F6) Furter, William F. Preface, History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D.C.: ACS, 1980 (p ix-xi).

(F7) Futrell, A. W. Jr. Orientation to Engineering. Columbus, Ohio: Charles E. Merrill Books, Inc., 1961.

(G1) Gornowski, Edward J. The History of Chemical Engineering at Exxon, History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D. C.: ACS, 1980 (p 303-312).

(G2) Guédon, Jean-Claude. Conceptual and Institutional Obstacles to the Emergence of Unit Operations in Europe, History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D.C.: ACS, 1980 (p 45-76).

(H1) Haber, L. F. The Chemical Industry: 1900-1930, International Growth and Technological Change. Oxford: Claredon Press, 1971.

(H2) Hammond, John Hays. The Chemical Engineer, The Profession of Engineering. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1929.

(H3) Hayes, Williams. American Chemical Industry: Background & Beginnings. New York: D. Van Nostrand Company: 1954.

(H4) Heitmann, John. Technology and Culture. 25, 1984 (p. 616-617).

(H5) Herrnstein, Richard J. & Murray, Charles. The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life. New York: The Free Press, 1994.

(H6) Hiscox, Gardner D (M.E.). Henley's Formulas for Home and Workshop. New York: Wings Books, 1907.

(H7) Hougen, Olaf A. Seven Decades of Chemical Engineering. Chemical Engineering Progress. 73, Jan 1972 (p. 89-104).

(H8) Huntzicker, Bill. Phony Whisky Expert Listed in 'Who's Who in America'. Report. March 1, 1975 (p. 4).

(I1) Institute of Technology Bulletin 1995-1997. University of Minnesota, 1995.

(J1) Jefferson, Edward G. The Emergence of Chemical Engineering as a Multidiscipline, Chemical Engineering Progress. January 1988 (p. 21-23).

(J2) Johnson, William S. The Pollution of Streams by Manufacturing Wastes, Technology and Industrial Efficiency: Proceedings of the Congress of Technology 1911. New York: McGraw Hill, 1911 (p 406-411).

(K1) Krieger, James H. Report on Chemical Engineering Reflects a Profession in Flux, Chemical and Engineering News. November 30, 1987 (p 7-12).

(L1) Landau, Ralph. The Chemical Engineer: Today and Tomorrow, Chemical Engineering Progress. June 1972 Vol. 68 No. 6 (p 9-19).

(L2) Layton, Edwin T. Jr. The Dimensional Revolution: The New Relations Between Theory and Experiment in Engineering in the Age of Michelson. AIP Conference Proceedings. 179, 1988 (p.23-38).

(L3) Layton, Edwin T. Jr. Technology & Civilization: Renaissance to Industrial Revolution. Hsci 1712/3712. University of Minnesota, Winter 1994.

(L4) Levenspiel, Octave. The Coming-of-Age of Chemical Reaction Engineering. Chemical Engineering Science. 35, 1980 (p. 1821-1839).

(L5) Lewis, H. C. W. K. Lewis, Teacher, History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D.C.: ACS, 1980 (p 129-140).

(L6) Lewis, W. An Object Lesson in Efficiency, Technology and Industrial Efficiency: Proceedings of the Congress of Technology 1911. New York: McGraw Hill, 1911 (p 173-180).

(L7) A Look at the Top 10 Ch.E. Achievements, Chemical Engineering Progress. December 1967 Vol. 63 No. 12 (p 29).

(L8) Lyon, Tracy. Scientific Industrial Operation, Technology and Industrial Efficiency: Proceedings of the Congress of Technology 1911. New York: McGraw Hill, 1911 (p 200-203).

(L9) Lyons, John W. Fire. New York: Scientific American, 1985.

(M1) Maclaurin, Richard C. Some Factors in the Institute's Success, Technology and Industrial Efficiency: Proceedings of the Congress of Technology 1911. New York: McGraw Hill, 1911 (p 1-10).

(M2) Mark, Herman F. Polymer Chemistry: The Past 100 Years, Chemical & Engineering News. April 6, 1976 (p 176-189).

(M3) Morrison, A. Cressy. Man in a Chemical World. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1937.

(M4) Munroe, J. P. Influence of the Institute upon the Development of Modern Education, Technology and Industrial Efficiency: Proceedings of the Congress of Technology 1911. New York: McGraw Hill, 1911 (p 109-113).

(O1) Our Professional Heritage, Chemical Engineering Progress. May 1958 Vol. 54 No. 5 (p 51-67).

(O2) Othmer, Donald F. The Big Future Program for Chemical Engineers: Fuel and Energy Conversions, History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D.C.: ACS, 1980 (p 401-418).

(P1) Peppas, Nikolaos A. Academic Connections of the 20th Century U.S. Chemical Engineers, One Hundred Years of Chemical Engineering; From Lewis M. Norton (M.I.T. 1888) to Present. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989 (p 27-38).

(P2) Peppas, Nikolaos A. The Origins of Academic Chemical Engineering, One Hundred Years of Chemical Engineering; From Lewis M. Norton (M.I.T. 1888) to Present. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989 (p 1-14).

(P3) Peppas, Nikolaos A & Harland, R. S. Unit Process Against Unit Operations: The Educational Fights of the Thirties, One Hundred Years of Chemical Engineering; From Lewis M. Norton (M.I.T. 1888) to Present. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989 (p 125-142).

(P4) Person, James E. Jr. Statistical Forcasts of the United States. Detroit: Gale Research Inc., 1993.

(P5) Perry, Robert H. and Green, Don. Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, 6th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Inc. 1984.

(P6) Pigford, Robert L. Chemical Technology: The Past 100 Years, Chemical & Engineering News. April 6, 1976 (p 190-203).

(R1) RA of Minnesota. Chemical Enginering Education. Winter, 1979 (p.8-12).

(R2) Rae, H. K. Three Decades of Canadian Nuclear Chemical Engineering, History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D.C.: ACS, 1980 (p 313-334).

(R3) Reynolds, Terry S. 75 Years of Progress; A History of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers 1908-1983. New York: American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 1983.

(R4) Reynolds, Terry S. Defining Professional Boundaries: Chemical Engineering in the Early 20th Century. Technology and Culture. 27, 1986 (p. 694-716).

(R5) Richards, E. H. The Elevation of Applied Science to an Equal Rank with the So-called Learned Professions, Technology and Industrial Efficiency: Proceedings of the Congress of Technology 1911. New York: McGraw Hill, 1911 (p 124-128).

(R8) Roaring Twenties Sets the Stage for a Chemical Era, Chemical & Engineering News. January 15, 1973 (p 26-49).

(S1) Schoenemann, Karl. The Separate Development of Chemical Engineering in Germany, History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D.C.: ACS, 1980 (p 249-272).

(S2) Schmidt, Lanny D. The Engineering of Chemical Reactions. University of Minnesota: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, 1995 (unpublished).

(S3) Senecal, Vance E. Du Pont and Chemical Engineering in the Twentieth Century, History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D.C.: ACS, 1980 (p 283-302).

(S4) Servos, John W. The Industrial Relations of Science: Chemical Engineering at MIT, 1900-1939. ISIS. 71, 1980 (p.531-549).

(S5) Skinner, H. J. The Debt of the Manufacturer to the Chemist, Technology and Industrial Efficiency: Proceedings of the Congress of Technology 1911. New York: McGraw Hill, 1911 (p 70-71).

(S6) Smith, H. E. The Chemist in the Service of the Railroad, Technology and Industrial Efficiency: Proceedings of the Congress of Technology 1911. New York: McGraw Hill, 1911 (p 61-63).

(S7) Soaring Sixties Takes off Fine, Lands with Thud, Chemical & Engineering News. January 15, 1973 (p 84-92).

(S8) Sturchio, Jeffrey L. Chemistry & Public Policy, Chemical and Engineering News. March 9, 1987 (p. 20-29).

(T1) Tarbell, D. Stanley. Organic Chemistry: The Past 100 Years, Chemical & Engineering News. April 6, 1976 (p 110-123).

(T2) Talbot, H. P. The Engineering School Graduate: His Strength and His Weakness, Technology and Industrial Efficiency: Proceedings of the Congress of Technology 1911. New York: McGraw Hill, 1911 (p 114-123).

(U1) U.S. Bureau of the Census. Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970, vol. 1. Washington, D.D.: Government Printing Office, 1975.

(U2) U.S. Bureau of the Census. Statistical Abstract of the United States. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, Annual.

(V1) Van Antwerpen, F.J. The Origins of Chemical Engineering, History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D.C.: ACS, 1980 (p 1-14).

(W1) Walker, W. H. The Spirit of Alchemy in Modern Industry, Technology and Industrial Efficiency: Proceedings of the Congress of Technology 1911. New York: McGraw Hill, 1911 (p 11-17).

(W2) Weber, H. C. The Improbable Achievement: Chemical Engineering at M.I.T., History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D.C.: ACS, 1980 (p 77-96).

(W3) Westwater, J. W. The Beginnings of Chemical Engineering Education in the USA, History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D.C.: ACS, 1980 (p 141-153).

(W4) White, Robert M. Technological Competitiveness and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Engineering Progress. January 1988 (p 24-26).

(W5) Williams, Glenn C. and Vivian, J. Edward. Pioneers in Chemical Engineering at M.I.T., History of Chemical Engineering. Washington D.C.: ACS, 1980 (p 113-128).

(W6) World War II Comes, Goes, and a Chemical Heyday Arrives, Chemical & Engineering News. January 15, 1973 (p 64-73).

(Z1) Zlokarnik, Marko. Dimensional Analysis and Scale-up in Chemical Engineering. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1991.

(Z2) Zubieta, Jon A., & Juckerman, Jerold J. Inorganic Chemistry: The Past 100 Years, Chemical & Engineering News. April 6, 1976 (p 64-79).

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